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Dominion of Pakistan
Pakistan, also known as the Dominion of Pakistan ((ベンガル語:পাকিস্তান অধিরাজ্য), ''Pakistan ôdhirajyô''; , ''Mumlikāt-ē Pākistān''), was an independent federal dominion in South Asia that was established in 1947 on the Partition of India into two sovereign countries (the other being the dominion of India). The dominion, which included much of modern-day Pakistan and Bangladesh, was conceived under the two-nation theory as a home for the Muslims of the former British India. To begin with it did not include the princely states of Pakistan, which acceded slowly between 1947 and 1948. In 1956 it became the Islamic Republic of Pakistan;〔 and in 1971 East Pakistan seceded from the union to become Bangladesh.
==Partition of British India==
Section 1 of the Indian Independence Act 1947 provided that from "the fifteenth day of August, nineteen hundred and forty-seven, two independent dominions shall be set up in India, to be known respectively as ''India'' and ''Pakistan''." India was treated by the United Nations as the successor-state to the former British India. As it was already a member of the United Nations, India continued to hold its seat there and did not apply for a new membership. However, Pakistan was a newly created nation and needed to apply to join. It was admitted as a UN member on 30 September 1947, a few weeks after its independence〔() at legalserviceindia.com〕 The British monarch became head of state of the new dominion, with Pakistan sharing a king with the other Commonwealth realms, but the monarch's constitutional roles were delegated to the Governor-General of Pakistan, and most real power resided with the new government headed by Jinnah.
Before August 1947, about half of the area of present-day Pakistan was part of the British-administered British India, in which the agents of the sovereign as Emperor of India had full authority, while the remainder was a series of princely states in subsidiary alliances with the British, enjoying internal self-government. The British abandoned these alliances in August 1947, leaving the states entirely independent, and between 1947 and 1948 the states all acceded to Pakistan, while retaining internal self-government for several years.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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